Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance: Acid-Base Homeostasis
1. List the three important buffer systems in the body:
a.
b.
c.
2. Write the equation showing the relationship of CO2 and H2O levels with bicarbonate and hydrogen ion levels:
CO2 + H2O « ___________ « ___________
3. A decrease in respiration will result in _____ CO2 and will shift the equation
to the _______, resulting in an increase in _____ ions, making the plasma
more _______.
4. When body pH is decreased, what are the three compensatory renal mechanisms to restore pH?
5. a. Normal arterial pH is ___________ to ___________.
b. What is the pH in alkalosis? ________________
c. What is the pH in acidosis? ________________
6. With ketoacidosis, show what happens to the following:
a. ______ Plasma pH
b. ______ (Left or right) shift of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate system
c. ______ Bicarbonate levels
d. ______ Respiratory rate
e. ______ Renal excretion of H+
7. With metabolic alkalosis, show what happens to the following:
b. ______ (Left or right) shift
e. ______ Renal excretion of bicarbonate
8. With respiratory acidosis, show what happens to the following:
c. ______ Respiratory rate
d. ______ Renal excretion of bicarbonate
9. With respiratory alkalosis, show what happens to the following:
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