ABC's of Quantum Mechanics (Mir,1966).pdf

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ABC's of Quantum Mechanics
by
V.
Rydnik
Preface
At the turn of the century, physics entered
into a new world, the invisible silent world of
atoms, atomic nuclei and elementary particles.
Our twentieth century then produced the theory
that has been serving physicists so faithfully for
over sixty years - quantum mechanics.
The landscape of the new world is quite un-
like our own. So different that physicists fre-
quently lack words to describe it. Quantum me-
chanics had to create new conceptions for the
world of the ultrasmall, bizarre conceptions
beyond the scope of pictorial imagery.
Customary physical laws cease to operate in
the new world. Particles lose their dimensions
and acquire the properties of waves. Then again,
waves begin to act like particles. Electrons and
the other building stones of matter can pass
through impenetrable barriers, or they can van-
ish altogether leaving only photons in their place.
Those are the things quantum mechanb; dealt
with.
This book will tell you about the origin and
development of quantum mechanics, about its
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new concepts.
It
will describe how the new theo-
ry deciphered the secrets of the structure of
atoms, molecules, crystals, atomic nuclei, and
how quantum mechanics is dealing with the prob-
lem of the most fundamental of all properties
of matter - the interaction of particles and the
relationships between fields and matter.
Contents
FROM CLASSICAL
ME:CHANJC~
TO QUANTlJM MECHANICS
In L•eu of an IntroductiOn . . . .
The Outhnes of the New World
The Temple of Classical Mechamcs
The Temple Collapses .
How the New Theory was Named
Physicists Build Models .
.
Not Everythmg Can
be
Modelled
The Invisible, Untouchable World
Difficult but lnterestmg
THE FIRST STEPS OF THE NEW THEORY
II
12
15
17
18
20
23
25
26
Hwa~L~t
Blacker than Black
Exact Laws, Not Rough Approx1mauons
The UltraviOlet Catastrophe
Classical Physics at an Impasse
The Way out
Quanta of Energy
The Elusive Quanta
.
An Unaccountable Phenomenon
Photons
What 1s Light?
The VIsiting Cards of Atoms
Why do Bodies Emit L1ght?
. .
The Bwgraphy of the Atom Wntten by N1els Bohr
From Where do We Reckon the Energy?
Excited Atoms
.
The F1rst Setbacks .
m
31
32
34
35
36
38
40
43
44
46
48
50
53
57
59
61
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