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Notes From
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Should you wish to correspond with any of the
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Editor:
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The Victorian historian Sir Charles Oman once wrote that “war is
indivisible”. It is never possible in wartime to completely separate
one set of events from another, they are all inextricably linked.
This is made clear in the acquisition by Jersey’s Channel Islands Military
Museum of a “Death Card” of a German soldier who was killed in 1944. As we
reveal on page 85, in investigating the background to this memorial card it
transpires that he was a member of a gun battery on Jersey which engaged the
Royal Navy’s fleet destroyer HMS
Onslaught
. This ship in turn had attacked a
German convoy which had tried to slip across the sea from Guernsey – a small
flotilla which was transporting, amongst the varied cargo and passengers, a
group of personnel from the Organisation Todt, which drew much of its
workforce from across German-occupied Europe as far as Russia. Just to add
to the intertwining of events, five days earlier the German convoy had been
attacked by ships of the United States Navy and the guns on Jersey had
opened fire.
The reminders of those events are similarly linked. One of the former gun
positions has been transformed into a residents’ seating area and many of the
battery’s outer buildings are now garden sheds. The Channel Islands Military
Museum itself is housed in a former German bunker and even parts of the
very gun the man was serving when he was killed have been located on Jersey.
As for the man himself – well he is buried in France. War really is indivisible.
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Martin Mace
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COVER STORY:
BATTLE OF BRITAIN - SOME FACTS
ISSN 1753-3090
Printed by Acorn Web.
Distributed by Seymour Distribution Ltd. (www.seymour.co.uk)
Following the recent disclosure that the official RAF Battle of Britain Roll of Honour has
been revised and re-published, on page 28 Geoff Simpson examines some of the facts and
figures concerning those entitled to wear the Battle of Britain Clasp.
In this painting, “Spitfires Over The Needles” by Philip E. West, Spitfires of 609 (West Riding)
Squadron are depicted returning to their airfield to re-arm and re-fuel, following an intercept
mission against enemy aircraft trying to disrupt shipping along the South Coast during the
summer of 1940. For more information on the Primary Edition, Artist Proofs, or Remarques,
including details of the various signatories, visit:
www.swafineart.com
All newsagents are able to obtain copies of
‘Britain at War’
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call Seymour on 0207 429 4000.
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‘Britain at War’
Magazine,noresponsibilitycanbeacceptedforlossordamage.Opinions
expressedinthismagazinedonotnecessarilyreflectthoseoftheEditoror
Green Arbor Publishing Ltd.
Whilst every effort has been made to contact all copyright holders, the
sourcesofsomepicturesthatmaybeusedarevariedand,inmanycases,
obscure. The publishers will be glad to make good in future editions any
errororomissionsbroughttotheirattention.Thepublicationofanyquotes
or illustrations on which clearance has not been given is unintentional.
© Green Arbor Publishing Ltd., 2011
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BACK ISSUES
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(Front cover: *WHSHS Epos figures, December 2010)
69
6
78
Features
85
57
28
THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN: SOME “FACTS” ABOUT “THE FEW”
Following the recent discloure that the official RAF Battle of
Britain Roll of Honour has been revised and re-published,
Geoff
Simpson
examines some of the facts and figures concerning
those entitled to wear the Battle of Britain Clasp.
33
MEDICS IN THE FIRING LINE
The order came down from on high — and for the doctors and
medics of a British mobile field hospital, fleeing from advancing
German tanks in northern France in May 1940, it could not have
been more devastating. There was no more room on the ships.
They must stay put and surrender. This is the story of the men
and women whose job was to save lives, not take them, whatever
the sacrifice.
19
CONTENTS
ISSUE 48
APRIL 2011
43
THE “BLACKOUT RIPPER”
Margaret Lowe was known to the other working women in central
London as “The Lady”. Though she would have been aware of
the dangers inherent in her line of work, nothing could have
prepared her for the savage attack which ended her life in the
second week of February 1942. She was another victim of a serial
killer that stalked the streets of wartime London.
EDITOR’S CHOICE:
THE CONFUSION OF COMMAND
In 2008, a researcher working for a television documentary
uncovered a manuscript written by TV presenter
Dan Snow
’s
great-grandfather, Lieutenant General Sir Thomas D’Oyly Snow.
Previously unaware of the document’s existence, Dan Snow
found his ancestor’s comments on the failures of the British
commanders – his own colleagues – to be surprisingly frank, even
brutal. As Dan explained to John Grehan, the situation the British
generals found themselves faced with after the beginning of the
First World War was beyond anything which they had
encountered before.
TWO SIDES OF THE STORY
During the Second World War, the German government’s
propaganda machine increasingly sought to keep many of the
true facts regarding the war from the majority of its population,
at the same time feeding the people the very stories that their
leaders wanted them to hear. However, during recent research
both the British and German accounts of one attack in 1942 have
been found to be remarkably similar discovered
Chris Goss
.
DAN SNOW ON HIS
GREAT-GRANDFATHER’S FIRST
WORLD WAR SERVICE
51
57
63
TARGET TORTURE CASTLE
The village of Tarup, three miles north-west of Odense in
Denmark, lies on the Island of Fyn. It was here during the Second
Editor’s Choice:
51
THE DAY IT RAINED SHELLS:
IT WAS WEDNESDAY, 16 DECEMBER 1914. JUST AFTER
08.00 HOURS THAT MORNING, THE GUNS ON THREE GERMAN BATTLE CRUISERS
OPENED FIRE AND SHELLS RAINED DOWN ON THE STREETS OF HARTLEPOOL. THOUGH THE
TOWN’S HEUGH BATTERY RETURNED FIRE – BECOMING THE ONLY COASTAL BATTERY IN
ENGLAND TO FIRE ITS GUNS IN ANGER DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR – THE BOMBARDMENT
RESULTED IN EXTENSIVE DAMAGE AND SEVERE LOSS OF LIFE. THIS IS THE STORY OF WHAT
HAPPENED THAT DAY.
15
World War, explains
Ken Wright
, that
the Gestapo established a local
headquarters in a former agricultural
school. The name given to it by the
Danes reveals its shocking purpose
– they called it “Torture Castle”.
What better target could there be
for the de Havilland Mosquitoes of
the RAF’s 140 Wing?
NEWS FEATURE
Despite the fact that the world’s largest collection of Victoria
Crosses and George Crosses, housed in the Lord Ashcroft
Gallery at the Imperial War Museum in London, was only
unveiled to the public at the end of last year, it is already set to
expand.
19
NEWS FEATURE
Wartime gold discovered: Indian workers in Mumbai have
uncovered gold bars lost since 1944.
FIELDPOST
Your letters.
69
FALL OF THE “IRONSIDES”
On 11 July 1940, the first German
aircraft fell on British soil and its
two crew members were killed.
There was, however, a supreme
irony attached to the identity of
the first German pilot to be killed
over England during the Battle of
Britain, and who died when his
Messerschmitt Bf 110 slammed
into cliffs at The Verne, Portland.
Andy Saunders
tells the story of Hermann Göring’s nephew.
PAYING THE PRICE
Ninety-five years ago this month on 27 April 1916, the Germans
carried out one of the most concentrated gas attacks of the First
World War. The effects on the British troops in the line near the
small village of Hulluch, some four miles north of the town of
Lens, were devastating. Eager to build on the success of this
operation, the Germans launched a second attack in the same
area two days later. Once again the results were devastating –
only this time it was the German troops that suffered.
24
40
CAMERA AT WAR
Red Letter Day: A series of images detailing 609 (West Riding)
Squadron’s 200th “kill” – a Junkers Ju 88 shot down on 5 October
1943.
83
89
IMAGE OF WAR
31 May 1916: The loss of HMS
Invincible
at the Battle of Jutland
THE BEST OF EVIDENCE IN CAMERA
During the Second World War the Air Ministry produced a weekly
(then twice-monthly) publication called
Evidence in Camera
.
Each month we present a selection of the images included.
78
93
RECONNAISSANCE REPORT
A look at some of the new publications and products that are
available.
99
114
DEBRIEF
A Piece of History, Dates That Shaped the War and much more!
85
GUNS ACROSS THE WATER
The recent acquisition of an intriguing exhibit by the Channel
Islands Military Museum led to the uncovering a small part of
Jersey’s wartime history.
TOTAL WAR: IN NUMBERS
More than any other conflict that had gone before, the Second
World War was “a total war” – particularly in terms of
mobilization of Britain’s workforce.
105
THE DAY IT RAINED SHELLS
See main picture above.
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Regulars
6
10
BRIEFING ROOM
News, Restorations, Discoveries and Events from around the UK.
NEWS FEATURE
We report on the Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s
horticultural trials to consider the effects of climate change.
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