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Exchange students – Civil Engineering:
Horsens, 08.06.2012
Daria Maria Biskupska (5 ECTS)
Magdalena Rajczakowska (9 ECTS)
Benjamin Rousseau (16 ECTS)
INTERDISCIPLINARY / FINAL PROJECT
REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE
ANALYSIS AND CONCRETE TEST
Supervisors:
Adrian McCreadie (2/3)
X3-204
Gitte Normann (1/3)
X3-204
840522546.001.png 840522546.002.png
 
INTERDISCIPLINARY/FINAL PROJECT – RC structure analysis and concrete test
08 June 2012
Table of contents:
Introduction
CHAPTER I - Building nr 1 (Benjamin)
I.
Design assumptions....................................................................................................................................... 8
1.
Building purpose and basic information..................................................................................................... 8
2.
Modifications on the drawings ................................................................................................................. 10
3.
Design assumptions ................................................................................................................................ 12
4.
Robustness ............................................................................................................................................. 14
II.
Statical analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 16
1.
Snow load ............................................................................................................................................... 16
2.
Wind load ................................................................................................................................................ 18
2.1.
Wind velocity and wind pressure ................................................................................................. 18
2.2.
Wind actions................................................................................................................................ 20
2.3.
Pressure and coefficient .............................................................................................................. 21
3.
Load combination .................................................................................................................................... 27
3.1.
Assumptions and values.............................................................................................................. 27
3.2.
Load combination ........................................................................................................................ 34
4.
Statical calculations................................................................................................................................. 46
4.1.
General stability........................................................................................................................... 46
4.2.
Vertical load path......................................................................................................................... 49
4.3.
Statically indeterminate diaphragm ............................................................................................. 50
4.4.
Stability calculations .................................................................................................................... 52
III.
Structural calculations .................................................................................................................................. 55
1.
Column .................................................................................................................................................... 57
2.
Comsol Multiphysics................................................................................................................................ 64
2.1.
Definition ..................................................................................................................................... 64
2.2.
Case 1: 40 mm edge loaded ....................................................................................................... 67
2.3.
Case 2: 30 mm edge loaded ....................................................................................................... 68
2.4.
Case 3: 13 mm edge loaded ....................................................................................................... 70
2.5.
Analysis and solution................................................................................................................... 71
3.
Beam....................................................................................................................................................... 72
4.
Slab ......................................................................................................................................................... 89
5.
Shear wall ............................................................................................................................................. 104
5.1.
Internal force ............................................................................................................................. 104
5.2.
Reinforcements design.............................................................................................................. 111
6.
Anchoring length ................................................................................................................................... 116
IV.
Financial calculations ................................................................................................................................. 120
1.
Structural part........................................................................................................................................ 120
2.
Roof waterproofing ................................................................................................................................ 123
3.
Tiling and soft floors .............................................................................................................................. 124
4.
Woodwork ............................................................................................................................................. 124
5.
Partition work and cladding ................................................................................................................... 127
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INTERDISCIPLINARY/FINAL PROJECT – RC structure analysis and concrete test
08 June 2012
6. Global estimated price........................................................................................................................... 129
CHAPTER II - Building nr 2 (Daria)
1.Design assumptions .............................................................................................................................. 130
1.2.Building component specification ....................................................................................................... 130
1.2.1.Foundations..................................................................................................................................... 130
2.Analysis of global stability...................................................................................................................... 132
2.1.Analysis of positions of elements ....................................................................................................... 133
2.2.Selected sections for analysis ............................................................................................................ 134
2.2.1.Cut-section 1-1 ................................................................................................................................ 135
2.2.2.Cut-section 2-2 ................................................................................................................................ 135
2.2.3.Cut-section 3-3 ................................................................................................................................ 136
2.2.4.Cut-section G-G .............................................................................................................................. 136
2.2.5.Cut-section E-E ............................................................................................................................... 137
2.3.Analysis of load-bearing elements...................................................................................................... 137
2.3.1.Load bearing elements of ground floor, 1st floor, 2nd floor ........................................................... 137
2.3.2.Load bearing elements of 3th floor .................................................................................................. 138
2.4.Static analysis .................................................................................................................................... 140
2.4.1.Theoretical introduction to the static analysis .................................................................................. 140
2.4.1.1.Geometry and stiffness property of the building ........................................................................... 140
2.4.1.2.The centroid of stiffness ............................................................................................................... 140
2.4.1.3.Geometrical center ....................................................................................................................... 140
2.4.1.4.Substitute structure....................................................................................................................... 140
2.4.1.5.Critical load................................................................................................................................... 141
2.4.1.6.Deflection ( shift) .......................................................................................................................... 141
2.4.2.Static analysis – calculations........................................................................................................... 142
3.Actions on the building .......................................................................................................................... 147
3.1.Actions on the building shown in the example cut-section 3-3..……………………………………….147
3.1.1.Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 147
3.1.2.Characteristic permanent actions (G) .............................................................................................. 148
3.1.3.Characteristic imposed loads (I) ...................................................................................................... 151
3.1.4.Characteristic wind actions (W) – analysis of the entire building ..................................................... 152
3.1.5.Characteristic snow loads (S).......................................................................................................... 161
3.1.6.Combination of actions .................................................................................................................... 161
3.1.7.Dimensioning combination of actions – STR ................................................................................... 163
3.1.8.Loss of static equilibrium – EQU ..................................................................................................... 164
3.2.Actions on the entire building – software calculations ........................................................................ 164
4.Structural members calculations ........................................................................................................... 170
4.1.Foundations reinforcements ............................................................................................................... 170
4.1.1.Pad footings .................................................................................................................................... 170
4.1.2Strip footings .................................................................................................................................... 176
4.2.Walls reinforcement............................................................................................................................ 178
4.3.Columns reinforcement ...................................................................................................................... 180
4.3.1.Calculations for columns for cut-section 1-1:................................................................................... 183
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INTERDISCIPLINARY/FINAL PROJECT – RC structure analysis and concrete test
08 June 2012
4.3.1.1Column nr 1:.................................................................................................................................. 183
4.3.1.2.Column nr 2:................................................................................................................................. 187
4.3.1.3.Column nr 3:................................................................................................................................. 188
4.3.1.4.Column nr 4:................................................................................................................................. 189
4.3.1.5.Column nr 5:................................................................................................................................. 189
4.3.2.Calculations for columns for cut-section 2-2:................................................................................... 190
4.3.2.1.Table of Results ........................................................................................................................... 190
4.4.Beams reinforcement ......................................................................................................................... 191
4.4.1.Type of beams................................................................................................................................. 191
4.4.2.Beams for cut-section 2-2................................................................................................................ 193
4.4.2.1.Beam nr 1..................................................................................................................................... 193
4.4.2.2.Beam nr 2..................................................................................................................................... 199
4.4.2.3.Beam nr 3 and beam nr 4............................................................................................................. 202
4.4.2.4.Beam nr 5..................................................................................................................................... 202
4.4.2.5.Beam nr 6, 7, 8 ............................................................................................................................. 206
4.4.2.6.Beam nr 9..................................................................................................................................... 206
4.4.2.7.Beam nr 10................................................................................................................................... 208
4.4.2.8.Beam nr 11................................................................................................................................... 210
4.4.2.9.Beam nr 12................................................................................................................................... 213
4.5.Slabs reinforcement ........................................................................................................................... 216
4.5.1.Basement slabs ............................................................................................................................... 217
4.5.2.Ground-floor slabs ........................................................................................................................... 218
4.5.2.1.Slab nr 1 (Slab nr 6) - division, moments and reinforcement........................................................ 219
4.5.2.2.Slab nr 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 223
4.5.2.3.Slab nr 3 (Slab nr 4) ..................................................................................................................... 224
4.5.2.4.Slab nr 5 ....................................................................................................................................... 225
4.5.3.First-floor slabs, Second-floor slabs, Third-floor slabs..................................................................... 226
4.5.3.1.Slab nr 1 (Slab nr 6) ..................................................................................................................... 226
4.5.3.2.Slab nr 3 (Slab nr 4) ..................................................................................................................... 227
4.5.3.3.Slab nr 5 ....................................................................................................................................... 227
4.5.4.Roof slabs ....................................................................................................................................... 228
4.5.4.1.Slab nr 1 (Slab nr 6) ..................................................................................................................... 228
4.5.4.2.Slab nr 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 228
4.5.4.3.Slab nr 3 (Slab nr 4) ..................................................................................................................... 229
4.5.4.4.Slab nr 5 ....................................................................................................................................... 230
4.5.4.5.Shear between web and flanges of T-sections............................................................................. 230
4.5.4.6.Check necessity of transverse reinforcement............................................................................... 231
4.6.One way cantilever slab – Balcony..................................................................................................... 232
4.7Parapet................................................................................................................................................ 233
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INTERDISCIPLINARY/FINAL PROJECT – RC structure analysis and concrete test
08 June 2012
CHAPTER III – Concrete tests [Magdalena]
I.
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 244
1.
Background and scope of the report ..................................................................................................... 244
2.
Literature review.................................................................................................................................... 244
2.1.
Concrete composition ........................................................................................................... 244
2.2.
Hydration of cement .............................................................................................................. 246
2.3.
Factors influencing heat of hydration .................................................................................... 247
2.4.
Consequences of heat development in concrete .................................................................. 247
II.
PROGRAM OF THE LABORATORY TESTS ............................................................................................ 248
1.
General ................................................................................................................................................. 248
2.
Materials................................................................................................................................................ 248
2.1.
Cement ................................................................................................................................. 248
2.2.
Fly ash .................................................................................................................................. 248
2.3.
Aggregates............................................................................................................................ 249
2.3.1.
General aggregates test description.......................................................................................... 249
2.3.2.
Results of the aggregates tests ................................................................................................. 250
2.3.3.
Proportioning of the aggregates ................................................................................................ 255
3.
Concrete-mix design ............................................................................................................................. 257
3.1.
Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 257
3.2.
Assumptions ......................................................................................................................... 257
3.3.
Calculation ............................................................................................................................ 258
3.3.1.
Calculation of the concrete mix for trial test............................................................................... 258
3.3.2.
100% Portland Cement, w/c = 0,50 ........................................................................................... 260
3.3.3.
100% Portland cement, w/c = 0,45............................................................................................ 261
3.3.4.
100% Rapid Portland Cement, w/c = 0,50................................................................................. 262
3.3.5.
100% Slag Cement, w/c = 0,5 ................................................................................................... 264
3.3.6.
Rapid cement + 20% of Fly Ash, w/c = 0,5................................................................................ 266
3.3.7.
Rapid cement + 35% of Fly Ash, w/c = 0,5................................................................................ 269
III.
LABORATORY EQUIPEMENT AND PROCEDURES ............................................................................... 273
1.
Preparation of concrete-mix .................................................................................................................. 273
2.
Slump test ............................................................................................................................................. 273
3.
Making and curing of the cylinders ........................................................................................................ 275
4.
Adiabatic calorimetry test ...................................................................................................................... 275
5.
Compressive strength test..................................................................................................................... 277
IV.
PRESENTATION OF RESULTS................................................................................................................ 278
1.
Temperature curves analysis ................................................................................................................ 278
2.
Compression strength results................................................................................................................ 281
3.
Calculation of the theoretical heat development in TempSim Software................................................. 284
3.1.
General description of the software ...................................................................................... 284
3.2.
Calculation of the insulation heat transmission coefficient .................................................... 284
3.3.
Results from the software for each type of concrete mix....................................................... 286
4.
Comparison of the test results and results obtained with software........................................................ 287
V.
IMPLEMANTATION OF THE RESULTS FOR THE DESIGNED BUILDINGS ........................................... 289
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