Autodesk 3ds Max Design 2009 - Particle Trees.pdf - Autodesk 3ds Max Design 2009 Tutorials - Azunai

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Particle Trees

Trees modeled using conventional 3D techniques can produce authentic

results, but a single tree can typically include 20,000 polygon faces or more.

If you need to duplicate the tree many times, to create a forest for example,

you can be faced with a lengthy render involving millions of polygons.

There is a way however, to populate your scene with many life-like trees

without sacrificing render speed. You can do this by using a particle system

to generate a number of particles in the shape of two-dimensional planes, or

“billboards”. A map of a tree is then projected onto each billboard.

This particle method permits the mapping of different sizes and shapes of

trees and is very economical to render. But it also raises several important

issues.

Because the tree image is two-dimensional, it can be seen properly only when

facing the camera directly. If seen from an angle, it loses its realism.

Particle Trees | 167

Left: Particle tree facing camera

Right: Particle tree at oblique camera angle

For this reason, the flat plane on which the image is mapped must be

continuously re-oriented toward the camera as the camera moves around the

scene.

Particle tree continuously faces the camera

Another consideration is how your two-dimensional particle trees cast their

shadows. If the light source (usually the sun) does not directly face the billboard

plane, the tree will cast an unrealistic oblique shadow, as shown in the next

illustration.

Light source causes the particle tree to cast a shadow at an oblique angle

168 | Chapter 3 Modeling Tutorials

Autodesk 3ds Max Design 2009 - Particle Trees.pdf

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